Peters



6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

.(No Model.)

B. ANTHONY. PRINTING MACHINE.

Patented Sept. 5

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E. ANTHONY.

PRINTING MACHINE.

Patented Sept. 5

(No- Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

'E. ANTHONY.

PRINTING MACHINE.

Patented Sept. 5

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

E. ANTHONY.

PRINTING MACHINE.

No. 263,747.. Patented Sept. 5, 1882.,

PETERS, Phowmn mI Washinghm. a c.

(No Model) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

RANTHONY;

PRINTING MACHINE- No. 263,747. Patented Sept. 5, 1882.

d l.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

ILANTHONY.

PRINTING MACHINE. 2631747- Patented Sept. 5, 1882.

n-z, ad, bnty mw UNITED STATES PATENT Enron.

EDWYN ANTHONY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PRINTING MACHlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 263,747, dated September 5, 1882.

Application filed May 12, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWYN ANTHONY, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing in the city of New York, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Printing-Machines, of whichthe following is a specification.

Myinvention consists of a cylinderonwhich the forms are placed in several distinct portions, which may be equal or not to one another, in combination with impression-cylinders and carrierrollers, arranged as hereinafter set forth.

In the description of my invention 1 do not include the case of a cylinder on which the forms are placed in two distinct portions which are equal to one another, because such a cy1- inder and its adjuncts are old and well known. Figures 1. and 2 show known ways of placing the forms. Figs.3, 4, 5, 6,and 7 illustrate forms placed on a type-cylinder in accordance with my invention. Figs. 8, 9, 10, and 10 show (in connection with the specification) how to fix the length of web between the various impression-cylinders. Figs. 12 and 14; are eX- amples of impression, carrier. and type cylinder, with forms arranged on the last-men tioned cylinder and distances of the web all suitably arranged. Figs. 11 and 13 respectively show the same machines that Figs. 12

and 14 respectively do, but arranged for printing a fewer number of forms than are used in the two last-mentioned figures.

Heretofore in web-printing ma chines,'when the forms occupy only a part of the circumference of acylinder,they have been placed either all together or divided into two equal portions, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. By the methods herein described they can be divided into three or more portions, which may be equal or unequal. lnto Whatever number of portions the forms may be divided, the circumference of the bers whatever.

cylinder must be taken some multiple of the sum of the arcs occupied by the forms. ()all this multiple a, and let m denote the number of portions on the cylinder. Then, when the portions are equal, m and a may be any num- When the portions are unequal, m and a may be any numbers prime to one another-t. 6., may be any two numbers which are not divisible without remainder by any the same number. Thus, in Fig. 3, a=3,

| 021:4; in Fig. 4, 12:2, 121:3; in Fig. 5, n=5, 112:7; in Fig. 6, 12:2, 022:5; and in Fig. 7, n=3, 022:4, the several portions being equal or unequal at pleasure whenever a and m are prime to one another.

Impiession-cylinders a in number for each roll must be placed round the form bearing cylinder and the web passed under each of them, the distance of travel from one impression-cylinder to the next being fixed in the manner hereinafter shown. Thus, in Fig. 4 there must be two impression-cylinders; in Fig. 5, five, and in Fig. 7 three for each roll. We denote by a, b, c, d, 850., the m portions, also using those letters to express the breadth of each portion. It is clear that if the web issues from the last impression-cylinder continuously printed on every revolution of the typecylinder will print on iteach of the m portions repeated at times. When the portions are all equal in breadth the different ways in which the portions may be made to appear on the web are usually very numerous. In practice, however, one or other of two particular orders is the more useful. These two orders are: aa- (n times,) I) b(n times,) 0 c-(n times,) 850., and a b. a d-ab c d, &c. The order (Ht-b b c 0 can always be produced, whatever m and a may be. The portions, however, must all be equal and placed round the cylinder at equal intervals from one another in the order a b 0 d- (contrary to the direction of motion.) The interval between any two consecutive portions will clearly be equal to 12 -1 times the breadth of any one of them. If the distance of travel of the webs from each impression-cylinder to the next is now taken equal to the arc of the circumference of the form-bearing cylinder between the points in which the said two impression-cylinders touch it plus the breadth of one portion-i. 0., plus of the circumference of the form-bearing cylinderthe web will issue from the last impression-cylinder printed on in the order a a-(a times,) b b- (n times,) 860. For example, in Fig.4, ab obein g all equal and placed at equal intervals in the order there shown, and the distance of travel being taken'equal to the are P Q+%,- of the circumference, the web will come out aabbcc,aabbcc. In Fig. 5,a,b,&c., being equal and placed as shown, and the travel being taken equal to the are P Q+= of the circumference, the web will come out aaaaa,bbbbb,000c0,ddddd,00000, Jffff- The web can always be brought out in the order a b 0, a b c, &c., whether the portions be equal or unequal, and whatever numbers n and m maybe, provided they are prime to one another-i. 0., cannot be divided without remainder by any the same number. The order of the portions on the cylinder can be found as follows: Write them down in order, as above. Put a cross over the first, over then+ 1, over the 2n+1, overthe 311+1, and so on, nntilm of them have been so marked. Then place them on the cylinder in the order thus shown, (contrary to the direction of motion,) the interval between each successive portion being taken equal to the sum of the breadths thus indicated. Ifthe distance of travel from each impression-cylinder tothe next be now taken equal to the are of the circumference of the form-bearing cylinder contained between the points in which the said two impression-cylinders touch it plus of the circumference of the form -bearing cylinder, the web will come out printed in the order a b c d-a b 0 d, &c. For example, n=7

w x m m=5. Here,ab0d0abcdeabcdeabcd w w e a b 0 cl 0 a b 0 d 0, so that the order on the cylinder is a 0 0 b d, (contrary to the direction of motion.) The interval between a and 0: a+2b+0+d+e. The interval between 0 and 0=a+b+0+2d+0. The interval between 0 and b=2a+b+0+d+e. Theinterval between I) and d=a+b+20+d+0. The interval between 01 and a=a+b+0+d+20, and the distance of travel from one impressioneylinder to the next will equal the are described above plus of the circumference. The web will come out -a b 0 d 0, ab 0 d 0. Again, in Fig. 7, 012:4, -n=3, and the breadths of the portions are supposed to have to one another the ratios 1:2:3z4. Then, writing downa b 0 d a b a: .50 0 d abc d a bccl,the order willbead 0b. The interval between a and d=b+0=% of the circumference. The interval between 01 and 0=a+b= of the circumference. The interval between 0 and b:a+d=%, of the circumference. The interval between I) and azc-id=-, of the circumference, and the distance of travel=arcPQ+ of the circumference of form-bearing cylinder. To sum up, our results are: The order a. ab b, 850., is possible' for all values of m and n; but the m portions must'be all equal to one another. The order a b 0-0 I) 0, 850., is possible for all values whatever he the relative breadths of the portions; but at and a must be prime to one another. When on and n are prime to one another and the portions are also equal, we can bring out the web printed on in the order a a.-b b, &c., or in the order a b 0-a b 0, &c. As before stated, when the portions are equal there are a variety of orders in which the portions may be impressed on the web. When the portions are unequal only one order is possible-namely, ab 0 da b 0 d, 860. v

The distances of travel given above of the web from one impression-cylinder to the next are not the only possible ones. We shall now show how to find all the possible distances, and also how to obtain on the web all the possible orders of the in portions.

In Fig. 8, let B be any impression-cylinder, and O the one under which the web next passes. Then if the web comes out, as in Fig. 9, I) denoting the imprint of the portion a by the impression-cylinder B, 0 the imprint of the same portion by the impression-cylinder 0, and p the distance between the two imprints, then P R Q (the distance of travel of the web from P to Q) must equal are P Q breadth of a-l-p. If the positions of b and 0 are interchanged, then P Q R must equal are P Q circumference of type-cylinder minus the breadth of a-l-p. Thus, 0 before I) Distance=arc+a, (no interval between I) and 0;) distance=arc+2a, (interval of one breadth of a between I) and 0;) distance=arc+3 a (interval of two breadths of a between I) and 0;) distance=arc+4 a (interval of three breadths of a between I) and 0,) and so on. b before 0: Distance=arc+circumferencea., (no interval between I) and 0;) distance=arc circumference 2 a, (interval of one breadth of a between I) and 0;) distance=are circumference 3 a, (interval of two breadths ofa between I) and 0;) distance: are circumference4 a, (interval of three breadths of a between D and 0,) and so on.

It is clear that the distancePR Q given by the above formula may always be increased by a distance equal to the circumference of the type-cylinder or to any multiple thereof, and when the distance P R Q exceeds that of the circumference it may be similarly reduced until it becomes less than the circumference.

To fix the distances for any particular order, consider any one portion, a, Fig. 10, and suppose that the n cylinders print it on the web in the positions shown in the diagram by 0 01 a (1 85c. Numbering the cylinders from 1 to n in the reverse order to that in which the web passes under them, suppose the portion a, is printed by cylinder No. 1, then we can have the one next succeeding it-namely, er -printed by any one of the remaining a-l cylinders; (1 the next to a by anyone of the remaining n-2 cylinders, and so on, so that for the same order we have numerous ways of fixing the distances. Suppose in the diagram the suffixes represent the number of the cylindersthat is, that 0 is printed by No. 3, and so on. Then (by the preceding) travel of web from No. 1 to No. 2=arc+Ka; travel of web from N o. 2to No.3=arc+circumference-la; travel of web from N o. 3 to No. 4=arc+9a, where k=one more than the number of breadths between a and 0 where Z=one more than the number of breadths between a and a where 9=one more than the number of breadths between a and ea, &c. For example, let us con-- IIO sider the two orders before referred to: First, the order (ta a-(n times) I) b Here we can have a a -a b b b or a +a a b -b b so i that one arrangement (the one before given) and these two are the only arrangements in whether (I. b c,

possible order as follows: Let

which the quantity added to the arc is the same for all the impression-cylinders.

Next consider theorder a b c d- -a b c d, &c. Here we can have a lied-celled, 860., or a bcda bcd, &c., so that one arrangement is with the distance between successive impression-cylinders eqnal to the arc+;}, of the circumference (since a+b+c+ of the circumference;) and another is arc= jl of the circumference, and these two are the only arrangements in which the quantity added to the arc is the same for all the impression cyl inders. All the arrangements remain the same, 850.. are equal or unequal. By interchanging the suffixes of the letter a, and with the help of the formula given in connec tion with Figs. 8 and 9, we can Write down all the possible arrangements of the distance of travel for any particular order. For instance, take theoase of n=3, 122,:4, and the order a 0b a, Z) 1) 11,0 0 c, d d 01.. Herethere are six different arrangements, because there are six ways of arranging the suffixes 1 2 3. They are exhibited in thefollowing table, each column representing one arrangement:

Travel from No. 1 to No. 2.

arc+3a arc+2a arc+a arc-+31;

arc+a arc+2a arc+3a arc+2a Travel from No. 2 to N0. 3.

are +0. arc+ 3a This table (and similar ones for other values of n) is true whatever number m may be, and it likewise holds for the orderab 0 01,60 I) c d, provided the value of a is properly chosen. Thus, order a a a--b b b, &c., a =5; of the circumference. For the order a, b c d, &c., a of the circumference, (whatever m may be, so long as it is prime to it, make this order a possible one.)

As before remarked, the two orders a 0-1) 11-- c c, a b c-a I) c, &c., are perhaps the onlyones of use in practice. We may get any other A D, Fig. 10, be a length of web equal to the circumference of the form-bearing cylinder, and on which, therefore, on 1?. portions can be printed, and let A L be divided into equal parts, A B, BO, 0 D, &c., so that each of them is just long enough to have b portions printed on it; and, again, let each of them, A B, B G, O D, &c., be divided into at equal parts. Each'of these last parts will then be the right length for havingany one portion printed on it. Suppose the portion a printed by No. 1 impression-cylinderin theplace indicated by the figure. It is clear that the portion (call it b) which we place which it must be to someof them-sayp of tl1em-the cupying g; part of the circumference. If n is on the form-bearin g cylinder next following a (contrary to the direction of motion) will be printed on the web in the place indicated by the figure. Similarly for the portion (call it 0) next to b, and so on. Now, consider any of the spaces A B, B G, &c. (say B 0,) we can, by suitably fixing the travel of the web, as hereinbefore explained, cause any one'of the on equal portions a b 0, &c., to be printed on the space 12. Similarly any one of them may be caused to beprinted on the space y, and so on. Thus we can fill up the n spaces which make up B O with all possible selections of the m portions a b c, &c. (Any one or more any number of.

of them may be repeated times, and of course one or more must be repeated if m is less than n.) Then with any filling up of B O we may place the portions in any order on the form-bearing cylinder. In this way we get all possible orders, for once the order of the portions on the cylinder is tixed, and also the order of the filling up of the web on any space equal to of the circumference, the positions of the portions on the remaining part of the web are also determined. If we fill up the space B O in allposs'ible ways, we shall sometimes get the same order repeated one or more times, because different fillings up ofB G sometimes produce the same order on the web. For example, if n=4, 012:3, then the following fillings up of B O (aaaa,bbbb,cccc,aaab,bbbc,ccca) produce the same order on the web. A similar'remark applies to the arrangement of the portions on the cylinder. For example, any arrangement, and another the same, only in the opposite direction, will bring the web printed on in the same way except as regards its direction of motion.

In all the preceding a portion may consist of one, two, three, or any other number of forms, and the forms must be placed with a slight interval between successive ones, so that the web may be printed with suitable margins;

and the arc occupied by the forms and similar expressions mean such spaces plus suitable margins.

All the'foregoing also applies to the case of cutting before printing, the interval between successive sheets at the time of printing being added to the various distances hereinbefore given.

Ifn impression-cylinders are placed round a form-bearing cylinder, we can print either by using all of them, (the forms occupying part of the circumference,) or by using only forms ocnot a multiple ofp, the distances of travel (or some of them) between successive impressioncylinders must be different when p cylinders are used to what they are when 1!. cylinders are 7 used; but when n is a multiple of p the distances may remain the same, and by properly fixing them we can leave out, when printing with 1) cylinders only, any n-p of thecylina ders we may select. When the order on the web isabcdaibcd,m may be anything when printing from either cylinders or n cylinders, provided it is prime to a when n are used and to p when p are used; but when the order is a a a-b b b,then m must be the same for p as it is for a. In both cases we fix the distances of travel so that any the same portion is imprinted at equal intervals on the web by the impression-cylinders, which are to be omitted when printing from 1) cylinders only. For example, suppose 11:6, 421:5, and that the order is to be a b dc a b, and suppose, when printing with three cylinders only, we omit to use cylinders 2, 4, and 5. Here. when the six .are used the web must come out a b c d e a cdcab Cd0a b0d6ab0d6d b0d6 a b c d e b 0 d e. The other three cylinders may print the (Us without suffixes in any way. Let No. 1 print the first unsuffixed a, No. 3 the second, and No. 6 the third. Then, by the preceding rules, distance of travel from No. 1 to No. 2=arc+;,- ot' circumference; distance of travel from No. 2 to No. 3=arc+% of circumference; distance of travel trom No. 3 to No. 4=arc+ of circumference; distance of travel from No. 4 to No. 5=arc+iof circumterence; distance of travel from No. 5 to No. 6=arc+% of circumference. W'ith these arrangements, if the cylinders 2, 4, and 5 are caused not to make an imprint on the web, and twice as many forms are placed on the form-bearing cylinder as when the whole six are used, the web will be continuously printed on by the three cylinders, supposing it takes the same course that it did when the six were used.

The number of portions'i. 0., m-may be anything whatever, provided it is prime to n,

and the portions may be equal or unequal in breadth, nor need m have the same value when three cylinders are used that it has when six are employed. Similarly the distances are fixed when the order is a a'b I) b--c c 0; but in this case at must be the same when p cylinders are used that it is when n are.

Figs. 11, 12,13,14 will help to illustrate these remarks. 0 is the form-bearing cylinder; 1 2 3 4 5 6, the impression-cylinders; and T T, &c., the carrier-rollers which convey the web from one impnession-cylinder to the next.

In Fig. 11 six im pression-cylinders are used, the forms occupying one-sixth of the circumference. In Fig. 12 four impression-cylinders are used, one-fourth of the circumference being taken up by the forms. As six is not a multiple of four, the distances of travel of the web from P to Q cannot be the same in both cases. In Fig. 13 three cylinders are used for each roll, and (six being a multiple of three) we can have the same arrangements from P to Q, in both Figs. 11 and 1.3. One arrangement is: No.1 to 2=arcPQ+-- of circumference No. 2 to 3=arcPQ+- of circumference; No. 3 to 4: arcPQ-lof circumference; No. 4 to 5=arcP Q-l-Q; of circumference; No. 5 to 6=arcPQ ofoircumference The web will then come out a a a, Fig. 11, and a b, a b, a, b, Fig. 13.

In Fig. 14 three rolls are used, each employing two cylinders. The distances may be the same as in Fig. 12. One arrangementis: 1 to 2=arc+- of circumference; 2 to 3=arc+ of circumference; 3 to 4=arc+gof circumference; 4 to 5=arc+g of circumference; 5 to 6 =arc+- of circumference. Then the web will come out a b 0, a b c in Fig.12, and a b 0 d 6 in Fig. 14. We have placed the forms in Fig. 14 in tive portions, not all equal. They must be arranged on the cylinder in the man ner hereinbefore explained. Since six is a multiple of two, the distances might have been fixed so that the distances of travel in Figs. 11 and 14 should be the same. One such arrangement is: l to 2=arc+- of circumference; 2 to 3=arc +jofcireumference; 3 to 4=arc+ of circumference; 4 to 5=arc+ of circumference; 5 to 6=arc+- ot' circumference.

All the foregoing methods apply whether the two sides of the web are printed by different cylinders or both sides by the same cylinder.

In the former case the arrangements for the distances of travel are made separately for each cylinder, and then the travel of the web from the one term-bearing cylinder to the other is fixed so that the pages on each side shall properly back one another. In the latter case-i. e., the forms for both sides on one cylinderit is clear that the web may be reversed in any way and any number of times in its passage fromimpression-cylinder to impression-cylinder, all that is necessary being that each side of the web should pass under the same number ofimpression-cylinders. The forms must be arranged round the cylinder as hereinbeforc explained,-n denoting the number of cylinders used for printing one side of the roll, so that 2n will be the number for each roll. Then the travel for all the cylinders which print one side of the web can be fixed by the methods hereinbefore given, and then by the same methods the travel for the cylinders for the other side, subject. to the web being properly backed and to the distances previously fixed for the other side.

I claim- 1. In a printing-press, a cylinder provided with forms placed on it and divided into three or more distinct mrtions, in combination with impression-cylinders and carrier-rollers arranged as set forth, whereby greater facilities are obtained for printing the forms on the web in various orders than when the forms are placed on it in one or two portions only, all substantially as described.

2. In a printing-press, a cylinder provided with forms placed on it and divided into distinct portions, not all equal to one another, in combination with impression-cylinders and carrier-rollers, arranged in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

ED WYN ANTHONY. Witnesses:

J. L. BUTTERLY, WILLIAM J. LETISER.

ICC 

